Entertainment according to traffic rules in the younger group of kindergarten. Abstract

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Tasks:

1. Continue to develop interest in various forms of studying and consolidating traffic rules;
2. Promoting the basics of road safety, studying traffic rules;

Equipment:

• Traffic light layout, where the order of the signals is correct;
• Three traffic light layouts with the order of the signals out of order;
• Mugs of three colors on magnets (red, yellow, green) for joint games;
• Cut pictures + three whole pictures;
• Three magnetic boards;
• Musical accompaniment;
• Parsley costume (for adults);
• Treat.

Progress of entertainment:

Main part:

Parsley:

Hello kids, girls and boys. They say you know all the rules, you never break them

I want to play with you. I also want to know everything about the rules. Parsley: (Guess the riddle) We are three siblings

And we have been shining for a long time On the road to all the guys. Our house... (children's answers) ...TRAFFIC LIGHT!!! Children recite poems:

* “If the RED light is on, STAY where you are, the path is closed.” I stand quietly and wait. I won't go to "red" .

* “And when a beautiful, bright “YELLOW” light burns. It means “ATTENTION!” Get ready to go, my friend.

* I blink my yellow eye and turn on “GREEN” light. This means “THE WAY IS FREE” , There is no barrier.”

Parsley:

Well done boys!!! Do you know how to play? I suggest you play...

Game: “Red, yellow, green” .

(Children ride like a train along the road, stand is “red” is “green” they drive, when the signal is “yellow” they clap their hands.)

(The game is repeated 2-3 times)

Parsley:

To help you pass the dangerous path We burn day and night Green, yellow, red...

(Guys, what happened to our traffic light... it's broken!)

Game: “Game fix the traffic light”

Children lay out a traffic light on a magnetic board.

(The game is repeated 2-3 times).

Parsley:

A traffic light is a great helper, a best friend for everyone on the road. He always warns with Color whether you can go.

Game: “Collect cut-out pictures” .

Three magnetic boards. On each board there is a sample of a whole picture: (car, bus, truck, motorcycle, traffic light)

There are cut pictures on the carpet. On command, the children begin to collect. The game continues 2-3 times.

Outdoor game “Sparrows and a car”

Final part:

Parsley:

Oh, how much fun you have. I will come to you more than once. I will treat the traffic rules with respect.

Thank you for the entertainment AND get a treat.

Project on traffic rules in the second junior group “My friend is a traffic light”

Project on traffic rules in the second junior group “My friend is a traffic light”

Problem: children’s ignorance of traffic rules, rules of behavior on the street and on the road, traffic light signals.

Justification of the problem:

1. Parents do not pay enough attention to the topic “Rules of behavior on the road”, “Rules of behavior on the street”, “Rules of the road”;

2. Children have no knowledge about the rules of behavior on the road, about changing traffic lights, and their meaning.

Project type: educational and gaming.

Project type: short-term - 2 weeks

Project participants: children of the second junior group, teachers, parents.

Goal: To develop safe behavior skills in children of primary preschool age through familiarization with traffic rules and safe behavior on the roads.

Tasks:

1. Introduce children of primary preschool age to the rules of the road and traffic lights. Learn to understand the meaning of traffic light signals. Develop basic skills for safe behavior on the road and in the street.

2. Activate auditory and visual analyzers, develop speech, imagination and thinking in children. Fix the names of the colors (yellow, green, red).

3. Teach children to follow the rules and act in a team.

4. Activate the vocabulary: traffic light, green (red, yellow) color, steering wheel, safety, road, transport, sidewalk, roadway, shoulder, pedestrian crossing, intersection);

Expected results:

1.Children have developed an initial knowledge of traffic rules and safe behavior skills on the road and on the street. Children's interest in the topic.

2. Children take the initiative on their own: look at illustrations, participate in conversations, ask questions; show creativity, activity and detail in their work.

3.They enjoy drawing, sculpting, and playing various games.

4. Participation in joint activities of parents.

Project activity product: Group and reception design; exhibition of children's works "Road and Traffic Light"; a city layout showing streets with sidewalks and roadways; transport traffic light layout.

Project implementation:

1. Working with parents:

— consultation “Children on the roads”, “Is it easy to teach a child to behave correctly on the road”;

— folder – movement “Teaching children traffic rules”, “Formation of street behavior skills in children”;

— conversation “Start with yourself!”;

— making a city model;

— Questionnaire for parents “Caution: the road!”,

— a reminder for parents “It all starts small”;

— Booklet for parents “In early preschool age, a child must learn”;

— Recommendations “Formation of special skills in children”, “Teaching children the rules of safe behavior while walking and in a car.”

2. Working with children:

1. Review of material on the topic “Road Rules”, “My friend the traffic light”, “Rules of behavior on the road and on the street”, illustrations depicting vehicles, albums on the topic;

2. Conversation “My friend is a traffic light”;

3. Making a model of a transport traffic light;

4. Application with drawing elements “Road and traffic light”;

5. Reading poems, asking riddles on the topic “Traffic Rules”, “Traffic Light”;

6. Didactic games: “Road signs”, “Assemble the car in parts”, “Traffic light”, “Guess the transport”, “Assemble the car” (of 4 parts), puzzles;

7. Outdoor games: “Along a Long Winding Path”, “Sparrows and a Car”, “Train”, “Cars”, “Tram”, “Colored Cars”;

8. Finger gymnastics;

9. Role-playing game “Chauffeurs”, “Drivers and pedestrians”, “Transport” (multi-colored steering wheels, hats of different types of cars, badges, vests with the image of a particular type of transport), games with a layout;

10. Breathing exercises “That’s how big we are”;

11. Articulation gymnastics “Fence”;

12.Laying out geometric shapes and counting sticks (traffic lights, transport);

13. Gymnastics for the eyes “Eyes see everything around”;

14. Physical school;

15. Coloring pages according to traffic rules;

16. Construction of various streets from building materials to consolidate knowledge about traffic rules;

17. Game task “How many colors does a traffic light have”;

18. View the presentation “Our friend the traffic light.”

Result of the work:

1. An excursion outside the territory of the kindergarten in order to reinforce with children the rules of behavior on the street, intersection, road (reinforcement of concepts: traffic lights, road signs, transport, sidewalk, etc.), as well as traffic rules.

Outdoor games

"Along the Long Winding Path"

Goal: learn to walk on the cord calmly, slowly, without fear.

Progress of the game: the teacher lays out a zigzag cord 5-6 m long on the floor - this is a path along which you need to walk to the end. At the end of the path, plant some interesting object. The task will depend on what is at the end of the path: go pet the bear, feed the bird, rattle the rattle. If someone is experiencing difficulties, help him, cheer him up.

"Sparrows and the car"

The child pretending to be a car is given a steering wheel. The rest of the children, playing the role of sparrows, wear hats with pictures of sparrows. The “sparrows” chirp and jump merrily. At the signal “Car!” they run away. The car drives and buzzes: “Beep.”

"Train"

Goal: to develop the ability to quickly respond to a signal, act together, and freely navigate the environment.

Progress of the game

Children line up in a column along one side of the playground or along the wall of the room. The first one standing in the column is a “locomotive”, the rest are “cars”.

The presenter imitates the whistle of a steam locomotive, and the children begin to move forward (without a clutch), at first slowly, then faster and finally start running (while moving slowly they can make the sound “chu-chu-chu”). “The train is approaching the station,” says the presenter. The guys gradually slow down and stop. The presenter again imitates the whistle of the locomotive, and the movement of the “train” resumes.

The teacher regulates the pace and duration of children's movements.

It is recommended to use a guide in the game, for example, when the “train” goes over the “bridge” (on a gymnastic bench or on boards placed on steps or between two slats, drawn lines, placed laces, etc.).

"Colored Cars"

Along the edges of the playground there are children with colored circles in their hands - these are steering wheels. The teacher is in the center with colored flags. He raises a flag of some color. Children with a circle of the same color run around the playground in any direction, honking, turning the circle like a steering wheel. When the flag goes down, everyone returns to their seats. Then the teacher raises a flag of a different color and other children run around. You can raise two or three flags at the same time, and then all the cars leave.

"Cars"

Each child receives a hoop. Children run around the playground, turning hoops and steering wheels left and right, trying not to interfere with each other.

"Tram"

Goal: To teach children to move in pairs, coordinating their movements with the movements of other players; teach them to recognize colors and change movements according to them.

Physical exercise “Traffic light”.

The teacher raises a red flag - the children stand still, a yellow flag - they clap their hands, a green flag - they stomp their feet.

Educator. Guys, do you want to go on a trip? We'll go by bus. Who drives the bus? (Chauffeur).

— Who else works on the bus? (conductor)

Children are assigned to the role of driver and conductor

- And who will the rest be? (Passengers)

— To ride the bus, we have to pay the fare. Take the coins.

Give coins to each passenger.

— The conductor will hand out tickets. - Well, everyone has paid for the fare, the bus can leave. Driver, it's time for us to go.

Children sing:

The car, the car, goes, hums.

In the car, the driver is sitting in the car.

Bi-bi-bi (2 times).

The driver announces different stops (sea, zoo, forest, shop, etc.); children play out these situations. While the children take a walk at the bus stops, the driver checks and inflates the wheels and repairs the bus. Passengers take walks and follow the rules of behavior in transport. The last stop is kindergarten.

Educator. Did you guys enjoy the trip? What did you like most? (Children's answers). Tell me, what was the most important role? (Chauffeur). What kind of driver should a driver be? (Attentive, neat, know how to fix a car, etc.) Well done!

Working with parents

Consultation for parents “Children on the roads”

Dear moms and dads!

The best way to save your life and the life of your child on the roads is to follow the traffic rules! Educating children in safe behavior skills on city streets is a very important problem. The question may arise: why explain to children the peculiarities of traffic, the rules of crossing the street, if kids still cross the road only holding the hand of an adult? Perhaps we shouldn’t bother them with these rules while they still don’t walk the streets on their own or use public transport? But we must always remember that the formation of conscious behavior is a long process. Today the child walks everywhere hand in hand with his mother, and tomorrow he will become an independent pedestrian and passenger of city transport.

Work on teaching children the rules of competent and safe behavior on city streets and in public transport must be systematic. For it to bring results, one lesson or conversation with children is not enough. And one more important requirement: children do not have enough theoretical knowledge, they must apply it in practice.

In kindergarten we hold conversations, classes, games, entertainment, and exhibitions on this topic. But this is not enough - the practical application of this knowledge falls entirely on your shoulders. The unity of our and your requirements for children is a condition for the safety of our children! Children are always next to us, they look at us, imitate us. They are our life, our continuation, our meaning to preserve our future - our children, to ensure their health and life - the main task of parents and all adults. Dashingly, pressing on the gas at the wheel of your cars, crossing the roadway at a red traffic light or generally in the wrong place, do not forget that next to you are your children, the same road users, repeating and completely copying the disdainful and often dangerous attitude of adults towards compliance with traffic rules. It is adults (parents) who create negative habits of violating the rules of safe behavior on the road - the basis for a possible future tragedy. Parents must firmly grasp the power of their own example.

You are an object of love and imitation for a child. This must always be remembered, and even more so when you take a step onto the roadway with your baby.

Consultation for parents “Is it easy to teach a child to lead correctly?”

yourself on the road?

At first glance it seems easy. You just need to introduce him to the basic requirements of the Traffic Rules and there will be no problems.

It's actually very difficult. After all, we, parents, violate these same notorious Rules every day in front of our children, and do not think that we are setting an impossible task for our child: what is the right way? What do they say or what do they do?

When a child gets into a traffic accident, everyone is to blame: the driver, the kindergarten, the school, and the State Traffic Inspectorate. Why didn’t they teach you, show you, or save you? Forgetting that, first of all, parents must teach and protect by their example.

If you are really interested in your child having the skills to behave safely on the road, then do not reduce the learning process to an empty and useless phrase: “Be careful on the road.” She does not explain to the child what exactly he should be afraid of on the road. Where might he be in danger? Better use driving to and from kindergarten to practice road behavior skills.

The child must firmly know that the road can only be crossed in designated places: at a pedestrian crossing and at an intersection. But even in this case, no one can guarantee its safety. Therefore, before going out onto the road, stop with your child at a distance of 50 cm - 1 meter from the edge of the roadway, pay his attention. that you must look left and right by turning your head, and if there is no dangerous transport on both sides, you can go out onto the roadway. You must cross the road with a calm, measured step and under no circumstances run.

Unregulated pedestrian crossings pose a great danger to children. Here it is important for the child to make sure that the distance to cars on both sides will allow him to cross the road without stopping in the middle of the roadway.

At a controlled pedestrian crossing, explain to your child that red and yellow traffic lights are prohibitive. It is especially dangerous to enter the road when the signal is yellow, because some cars complete the intersection and at the same time increase their speed. The green signal is permissive, but it does not guarantee a safe crossing for the pedestrian, so before entering the road you need to look left and right and make sure that all the cars have stopped and there is no danger.

Children often find themselves under the wheels of vehicles when, after getting off a bus or trolleybus, they try to cross to the other side of the road. Explain to your child that in this case it is dangerous to pass the vehicle both in front and behind, because it is large and nothing can be seen from behind it. You have to wait until the bus or trolleybus leaves.

Objects blocking the view (fences, parked cars, snowdrifts in winter, bushes and trees in summer) pose a great danger to children. It is better to move away from them and cross the road where it is safe.

If your child is soon going to first grade, then now walk with him repeatedly along the route from home to school and back, drawing your child’s attention to all the dangers that he may encounter along the way. Stipulate in advance that in a difficult situation you need to seek the help of adults. Give your child the opportunity to go through this route on his own, watching him from the side. Then analyze in detail all his actions with him.

Dear parents!

Remember!

The child learns the laws of the roads, following the example of family members and other adults. Especially the example of dad and mom teaches disciplined behavior on the road not only to your child, but to other parents

Take care of the child!

Folder - moving "Teaching children traffic rules"

When leaving the house: if there is possible movement at the entrance of the house, immediately draw the child’s attention to see if there is any approaching traffic. If there are vehicles parked at the entrance or trees growing, stop your movement and look around to see if there is any danger.

When driving on the sidewalk, stay to the right. The adult must be on the side of the roadway. If the sidewalk is next to a road, parents should hold the child's hand. Teach your child to carefully watch cars leaving the yard while walking along the sidewalk. Do not teach children to go out onto the roadway; push strollers and sleds only on the sidewalk.

When preparing to cross the road, stop and look at the roadway. Develop your child's observation of the road. Emphasize your movements: turning your head to scan the road. A stop to inspect the road, a stop to let cars pass. Teach your child to peer into the distance and distinguish between approaching cars. Do not stand with your child on the edge of the sidewalk. Draw the child's attention to a vehicle preparing to turn, talk about the turn signal signals on cars. Show how the vehicle stops at the crossing, how it moves by inertia.

When crossing the roadway, cross the road only at a pedestrian crossing or at an intersection. Go only when the traffic light is green, even if there are no cars. When going out onto the roadway, stop talking. Don't rush, don't run, cross the road calmly. Do not cross the street at an angle; explain to your child that this makes it harder to see the road. Do not go out onto the roadway with your child because of traffic or bushes without first inspecting the street. Do not rush to cross the road, if on the other side you see friends, the right bus, teach your child that this is dangerous. When crossing an uncontrolled intersection, teach your child to carefully watch for the start of traffic. Explain to your child that even on a road where there are few cars, you must cross carefully, as a car may drive out of the yard or alley.

When boarding and disembarking from a vehicle, get out first, in front of the child, otherwise the child may fall or run out onto the roadway. Approach the door to board only after coming to a complete stop. Do not get on transport at the last moment (you may get pinched by the doors). Teach your child to be careful in the stopping area - this is a dangerous place (poor view of the road, passengers can push the child onto the road).

When waiting for transport, stand only on landing areas, on the sidewalk or on the side of the road.

Folder “Formation of street behavior skills”

Street switching skill: when approaching the road, stop and look at the street in both directions.

The skill of calm, confident behavior on the street: when leaving home, do not be late, leave in advance so that you have some time to spare when walking calmly.

The skill of switching to self-control: the ability to monitor one’s behavior is developed daily under the guidance of parents.

Danger anticipation skill: the child must see with his own eyes that danger is often hidden behind various objects on the street.

It is important that parents set an example for their children in following traffic rules!

Don't rush, cross the road at a measured pace!

When going out onto the road, stop talking - the child must get used to the fact that when crossing the road you need to concentrate.

Do not cross the road when the traffic light is red or yellow.

Cross the road only in places marked with the “Pedestrian Crossing” road sign.

Get off the bus, trolleybus, tram, taxi first. Otherwise, the child may fall or run onto the road.

Invite your child to participate in your observations of the situation on the road: show him those cars that are preparing to turn, driving at high speed, etc.

Do not leave with your child from behind a car or bushes without first inspecting the roads - this is a typical mistake, and children should not be allowed to repeat it.

Dedicate a separate walk to the rules of crossing the road. Check whether your child understands them correctly and knows how to use this knowledge in real driving situations. To do this, practice crossing a pedestrian crossing together through a one-way and two-way roadway, through controlled and unregulated intersections.

During the holidays, it doesn’t matter whether your child stays in the city or leaves, you need to take every opportunity to remind him of the rules of the road. Do not leave children unattended on the street, do not allow them to play near the roadway.

Teach children to follow traffic rules from an early age. And don’t forget that personal example is the most intelligible form of learning.

Conversation “Start with yourself.”

Learning traffic rules does not begin when the child takes his first steps. Much earlier, he remembers how his loved ones behave (both positive and negative behavior). Therefore, learning the rules of behavior on the road begins with how adults behave in similar situations - you yourself, your husband, grandparents, brothers and sisters, as well as everyone with whom your child comes into contact in one way or another. Before you cross the road with your child in your arms or in a stroller for the first time, learn to behave on the street the way you would like your child to do.

The following rules are the most important:

* You should walk along the sidewalk as far as possible from the roadway;

* When crossing the street, you should stop at the roadway and look left, then right and quickly left again;

* Start crossing the street only when the traffic light is green;

* If possible, cross the street in safe places - at a traffic light, at a zebra crossing, or at least at an intersection - car drivers are more careful here.;

* Never rush headlong into traffic.

You will best overcome your “inner looseness” if you, your relatives, friends and neighbors mutually control each other. You should not take your first experience of mastering the rules of the road lightly. Without this foundation, you cannot move forward at all. Also talk with everyone who surrounds your child about how much responsibility they can take on for his behavior on the street today. Specific tip: whenever you “catch” yourself violating traffic rules, clearly understand what tiny gain in time this brought you.

Questionnaire for parents “Caution: the road!”

1. Do you think it is necessary to familiarize preschool children with the Rules of the Road?________________________________________________

2. Is there work in the family to familiarize children with the Rules of the Road? Indicate which one:

- conversations with the child;

- reading children's literature on this topic;

— practical skills of behavior on the road;

— in-depth study of traffic rules.

3. Based on what knowledge do you raise your child:

- use life experience;

- watch television programs, listen to radio programs on this topic;

- based on the teacher’s recommendations.

4. How often do you talk with your child on this topic:

- often enough;

- rarely;

- never.

5. What aids, toys, literature for children do you have at home?

6. What forms of work between your teachers and parents do you consider the most productive to help familiarize children with the Rules of the Road:

— organizing an exhibition of literature on this topic;

— holding lectures for parents;

— meetings with a traffic police inspector;

— holding joint events with children (holidays, sports activities, etc.);

— placement of information in the corner for parents;

— individual conversations;

- parent meetings on this topic.

7. In your opinion, at what level is work being carried out to familiarize children with the Rules of the Road in our preschool institution:

- on high;

- on average;

- on low.

Memo to parents on traffic rules “It all starts small.”

Traffic safety on city streets and roads is achieved only when all rules are followed.

Parents need to know the following:

1. Pedestrians are only allowed to walk on the sidewalk, keeping to the right

2. Pedestrians are required to cross a street or road only at a pedestrian crossing -

3. Before getting off onto the roadway in two-way traffic, you need to make sure you are completely safe: first look to the left, and when you reach the middle, look to the right.

4. At crossing points where traffic is regulated, you should cross the street only when the traffic light is green or the traffic controller gives permission.

5. Monitor the behavior of children, do not allow them to violate traffic rules, or play games on the roadway or street; explain how this could end.

6. Do not allow children to ride bicycles on the roadway.

7. When crossing the street, do not let go of the hand of the child walking with you, do not leave children on the street unattended.

8. Parents should not miss a single case of violation of the rules by their children, their own or others.

9. Parents must bring their children to the group themselves and take them home. It is very dangerous to trust a primary school student to take a child out of kindergarten. He himself does not yet firmly know the rules of the road, he may play too much on the road or get confused in a difficult situation.

10. Parents should know about the procedure for transporting children in cars, buses, bicycles, sleds, and strollers at different times of the year, in different weather. Especially in bad weather, parents should be careful: do not rush, do not cover yourself with an umbrella when crossing the street.

11. Parents should be well aware of the location of the preschool institution in relation to city highways, streets, alleys, and the most dangerous places. It is important that parents, leading their child by the hand, teach him the ABCs of moving along the streets and roads.

12. Parents should become the teacher’s first assistants in such an important matter on which the life and health of children depends.

Be an example for them in following the Rules!

Booklet “In early preschool age, a child must learn”* traffic rules;

* road elements (road, roadway, sidewalk, shoulder, pedestrian crossing, intersection);

* vehicles (tram, bus, trolleybus, car, truck, motorcycle, bicycle);

* traffic control means;

* red, yellow and green traffic lights;

* rules for driving on roadsides and sidewalks;

* rules for crossing the roadway;

* you cannot go out on the road without adults;

* rules for boarding, behavior and disembarking on public transport.

To do this you need:

1. with rules only to the extent necessary for assimilation;

2. to familiarize yourself, use traffic situations when walking in the yard or on the road;

3. explain what is happening on the road, what vehicles he sees;

4. when and where you can cross the roadway, when and where you can’t;

5. point out rule violators, both pedestrians and drivers;

6. teach your child the rules of riding a bicycle (where you can ride and where you can’t, how to give signals to turn and stop);

7. When riding a bicycle with a child, stay behind to control the child and mark his mistakes;

8. consolidate visual memory (where are the vehicle, road elements, shops, schools, kindergartens, pharmacies, pedestrian crossings, traffic lights, safe and dangerous routes to the kindergarten);

9. develop spatial awareness (close, far, left, right, in the direction of travel, behind);

10. develop an understanding of the speed of pedestrian vehicles (moving quickly, slowly, turning);

11. do not intimidate a child on the street: fear of transport is no less harmful than carelessness and inattention;

12. Read poems, riddles, and children’s books on traffic safety to your child.

Recommendations for developing special skills in children.

1. The skill of switching to the street. When approaching the end of the sidewalk, to the curb, stop, slow down, take a pause necessary for psychological switching in connection with the transition to a dangerous zone (roadway), look around the street in both directions.

2. The skill of calm, fairly confident behavior on the street. When leaving home with your child, do not be late, leave early so that you have some time to spare when walking calmly.

3. The skill of switching to self-control. The ability to monitor one’s behavior is developed through daily training under the guidance of parents.

4. The skill of anticipating danger. The child must see with his own eyes that danger is often hidden behind various objects on the street. Conduct lessons on anticipating hidden dangers while on the sidewalk, in the area of ​​a pedestrian crossing or public transport stop.

Repeatedly show your child from the sidewalk:

•a standing bus (in front) and a passing car suddenly driving out from behind it;

•a standing bus (behind) and an oncoming car suddenly driving out from behind it;

•a stationary truck or car and another vehicle suddenly driving out from behind it;

• bushes, trees, fences, piles of earth and snow, construction materials near the road and vehicles leaving behind them;

•moving vehicles and a car overtaking the first one and leaving behind it;

•moving traffic and an oncoming car driving out from behind it.

It is necessary to ensure that the very sight of objects that interfere with a free view of the streets is perceived by the child as a signal of danger, as a recommendation for increased caution.

The conditioned reflex “danger of an obstacle blocking the view of the street” should be developed.

Draw children's attention to the deceptiveness and danger of deserted streets with little traffic. They are no less dangerous than busy streets: without seeing vehicles or hearing their noise for several minutes, children often go out and even run out onto the roadway without examining it, intuitively assuming that “the street is empty.”

5. Observation skill. Approaching the roadway, the child should turn his head “left-right” and look around the street in both directions. This should be brought to automaticity. The child should inspect the road several times, as the situation on the road can change dramatically. Before you take your first step off the sidewalk, you should look “to the left.” Having reached the middle of the roadway, you need to look “to the right”.

The child should look especially carefully at the street when his home, acquaintances, and relatives are on the opposite side, when the child crosses the street after other children or adults. In these cases, it is easy to miss the moving vehicle.

Teach your child to peer into the distance and quickly notice a car, motorcycle, scooter, bicycle, because sometimes a child looks, but does not notice a car or motorcycle driving in the distance.

As you watch for approaching vehicles, keep track of the time it takes for the vehicle to pass you with your child.

Having learned to count “seconds”, the child will learn to correctly determine the speed of a vehicle and anticipate the moment of its approach.

Teach your child to determine the direction of future traffic: which car will go straight and which one is preparing to turn (the turn signal is on).

Parents of those children who have significant deviations from the norm in vision, and in particular use glasses, must take into account that in this case the observation and orientation of the child on the street is sharply complicated. “Lateral vision,” which plays an important role in noticing vehicles approaching from the side, is much weaker in children with visual impairments than in children with normal vision.

Such a child must be even more attentive, since he may make a mistake in determining the distance to the vehicle and its speed, and may not notice the car. It is advisable for a child wearing glasses to compensate for the lack of vision by turning his head more frequently and carefully and looking at the street “left” and “right.”

Recommendations for teaching children safety rules while walking.

1. When leaving home:

•if there is a possibility of vehicle traffic at the entrance of the house, immediately draw the child’s attention and together look to see if a car, motorcycle, moped, or bicycle is approaching you;

•if there are vehicles at the entrance or trees growing that block your view, stop your movement and look around to see if there is a hidden danger behind the obstacle.

2. When driving on the sidewalk:

•do not lead the child along the edge of the sidewalk: the adult must be on the side of the roadway;

• a small child should walk next to an adult, holding the hand tightly;

•parents should be prepared to hold him when he tries to break free;

•teach your child, when walking along the sidewalk, to carefully observe the exit from the yard or from the territory of the enterprise;

•show and explain to children that throwing stones at the roadway (with stones, glass, etc.) and damaging road signs can lead to an accident;

• do not teach children to go out on the roadway: only carry strollers and sleds with children on the sidewalk;

• when a group of children moves, teach them to walk in pairs, without leaving the column, without disturbing its order and following all the instructions of the adults accompanying the children.

3. When preparing to cross the road:

•stop, slow down, look at the roadway;

•involve your child in monitoring the situation on the road;

•emphasize your movements: turning your head to look around the street, stopping to look at the road;

•stop for vehicles to pass through;

•teach your child to peer into the distance and distinguish approaching vehicles;

• do not stand with your child on the edge of the sidewalk, as when passing the vehicle can get caught, knocked down, or run over with its rear wheels;

•draw the child’s attention to the vehicle preparing to turn, talk about the car’s turn signal signals and the gestures of the motorcyclist and cyclist;

•show your child repeatedly how a vehicle stops at a crossing, how it moves by inertia, how the driver tries to stop it abruptly so as not to hit a pedestrian.

4. When crossing the roadway:

•cross the road only at pedestrian crossings or at intersections - along the sidewalk line, otherwise the child will get used to crossing where he has to;

•go only when the traffic light is green. The child must get used to the fact that they do not turn to red or even yellow signals, even if there is no transport. Do not cross the road at a red traffic light: if a child does this with you, he will do it even more so alone;

•when going out onto the roadway, stop talking;

• the child must get used to the fact that when crossing the road, talking is unnecessary;

•don’t rush and don’t run; always cross the road at a measured pace, otherwise the child will learn to rush and run where he needs to be observed to ensure the safety of the crossing;

• do not cross the road at an angle to the axis, emphasize and show the child every time that you are walking strictly across the street. The child needs to be explained that this is being done for better monitoring of vehicles;

• do not go out onto the roadway with your child from behind a vehicle or from behind bushes without first inspecting the street, as he will learn to do the same - this is a typical mistake of children;

•do not rush to cross the road if on the other side you see: friends, relatives, acquaintances, the right bus or trolleybus. Don’t rush and don’t run towards them, teach your child that this is dangerous;

•do not start crossing a street where traffic rarely passes without looking around. Explain to your child that cars can unexpectedly leave the alley or the yard of the house;

• when crossing a roadway at an unregulated crossing in a group of people, teach your child to carefully monitor the start of traffic, otherwise the child may get used to imitating the behavior of his companions when crossing, without watching the traffic.

5. When boarding and disembarking from public transport vehicles (bus, trolleybus, tram and taxi):

•go out first, ahead of the child. Otherwise, a small child may fall, an older child may run out from behind a parked vehicle onto the roadway;

•if you are the last to leave with your child, then warn the driver not to close the doors, thinking that boarding and disembarking are completed;

•approach the vehicle door to board only after it has come to a complete stop. A child, like an adult, can trip and get run over;

• do not board public transport (trolleybus, bus) at the last moment when it departs (you may get pinched by the doors). The front door is especially dangerous, so after