Lesson on FEMP in the 2nd junior group: how to make notes?

General information about the formation of primary mathematical knowledge in children

The mathematical development of children in kindergarten is carried out strictly according to the Federal State Educational Standard, in accordance with the age characteristics of the children. As a teacher, I set children tasks that are feasible for their intelligence and help them find answers. At the same time, the formation of elementary ideas about the concepts of mathematics is carried out not only in preschool educational institutions, but also at home.

I do not mean counting and other mathematical operations, but the simplest concepts of size, shape, time, space, quantity. The main form of education for children is classes, and they are planned taking into account the principles of science, accessibility, individual approach, systematicity, clarity, connection with life, etc.

Games are the most suitable form of teaching for preschoolers. Therefore, I practice such classes for the little ones, where didactic games and entertaining developmental exercises are always used. Typically, FEMP classes are conducted for the entire group simultaneously, frontally. But only in the 2nd junior school is it recommended to divide children into subgroups at the beginning of the school year, so that they gradually learn to study together.

Mathematics in the garden does not take much time - only 1 lesson per week for little ones, 2 for older ones. At first, the duration of the lesson does not exceed 15 minutes, gradually increasing to 25-30 minutes in the preparatory group. NED (direct educational activities) are planned so that children gradually learn concepts and can see their own success.

The children and I study each program task over several lessons and constantly return to the material covered throughout the school year. This ensures good assimilation of the material.

But we consider not only mathematical topics in the classroom; in parallel, speech, logic, and thinking are developed, and educational goals are achieved that shape the child’s personality. Take my word for it that the development and training program in kindergarten is an extremely complex mechanism that should ensure high-quality preparation of children for school and lay down positive skills for a happy and fulfilling life.

Basic rules for successful math classes in the second junior group

1. Remember that for a child all new information is a complex process of learning about the world.
2. Each child is a small personality with his own character, mental and physical development.
3. The teacher leads the lesson. Give children the opportunity to explore a new object or its characteristics (smooth, rough), but do not delay this process, because the baby may get tired. Promise that you will let the children play with the object after class.
4. Keep all the promises you make to your children.
5. Praise children as often as possible.
6. If the material is difficult, devote several classes to it to better practice it.
7. Don't delay your studies.

Books are the key to a teacher’s methodological knowledge

We, teachers, cannot do without self-education, and, therefore, independent study of literature on the upbringing and training of preschoolers. It gives me great pleasure to find new cool manuals and training manuals for myself and my colleagues. It’s not difficult, because all I have to do is “go” to the catalog of the UchMag online store, and I immediately find everything I need.

Let's say you are planning an open math lesson for a younger group. You need to take notes, right?

I have made a good selection of thematic literature:

• "Mathematics. Second junior group: planning, notes on game activities” - with the help of these materials you will be able to build a FEMP training system in the 2nd junior group;
• “Formation of elementary mathematical concepts in preschoolers. Lesson notes. 2nd year of study” - the materials fully comply with the requirements of educational programs approved by the Ministry;
• “Formation of elementary mathematical concepts. The first and second junior groups of kindergarten" (Pomoraeva I.A., Pozina V.A.) - a CD with excellent materials, designed in the form of a set of play activities and exercises;
• “Knowledge of the objective world. Junior group (from 3 to 4 years old)” - the manual will help the teacher realize the goals set by the general education program;
• “Thematic planning. Complex classes according to the program “From birth to school” edited by N.E. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva. Second junior group" - a CD that contains all the necessary materials in order to draw up a competent long-term lesson plan for FEMP.

I think we need an electronic file cabinet of methodological literature, what do you think? I’ll probably take up this issue in my spare time (which is practically non-existent).

What mathematical concepts do children in the second junior group study?

In order for FEMP planning in a group to be as competent and effective as possible, it is important to understand what concepts are accessible to the intelligence of children at this age.

So, the 2nd youngest learns to operate with the following concepts:

• Quantity. My task at this stage is to develop the children’s ability to understand and identify the common feature of objects of one group: these oranges are all orange, round, large. We learn to independently group objects according to the same characteristics: select all red balls, all small ones, etc. Understand the meaning of the words one, many, none, one at a time. Understand the concept of “how much” and be able to give an answer using the words many, one, none.

We also learn to make a simple comparative analysis of identical and unequal quantities or groups of objects through mutual comparison of objects. We begin to understand the concept of equal, not equal, what is more, what is less.

• Magnitude. Again, we understand the meaning of concepts through comparison of objects or groups of objects: by comparing them with each other, we realize which of them is large and small in size. By comparing by height, we will understand which object is tall and low. Similarly, in length - long, short, and in width - narrow, wide. We also compare identical or different objects according to a given parameter (height, width, etc.);
• Form. We study geometric shapes: triangle, circle, square. We learn to explore the shape of objects through vision and touch. We understand that a circle has no corners, beginning or end. It is convenient to use surrounding objects to study geometric shapes;
• Space. We learn to navigate in space, to understand what is in front, behind, above, below. At the same time, we learn where our right hand is and where our left hand is. When learning these concepts, I use furniture in a group setting, it makes it easier to explain: the chair is in front or to the right. Often, before preparation and even later, children confuse right and left. To prevent this, individual work with children who find it difficult to navigate in space is appropriate;
• Time. Cognitive development in this direction is carried out by studying the signs by which night or day, morning or evening are determined.

What should a child of the 2nd junior group be able to do by the end of May?

Spring ends, and with it, kindergarten classes stop and results are summed up.

What should I teach kids about math:

• The ability to independently group objects based on common characteristics (shape, color, size);
• Be able to find one object that is not like all the others;
• Distinguish between the concepts one and many;
• Understand the meaning of the concepts more, less, the same, not the same;
• Correlate groups of objects by quantity: more or less, the same;
• Be able to identify features by length, height, width;
• Know simple geometric shapes - triangle, circle, square;
• Distinguish between where the right hand is and where the left hand is, and the directions - in front, behind, above, below, above, below;
• Know and understand the meaning of the words morning, day, night, evening.

Does all this seem complicated to you? In fact, for kids, such math classes are fun, because we play, travel, talk in class, and don’t drill into dry theory...

In the learning process, I use technological maps and other didactic material so that cognition as a thought process occurs naturally, without tension. My task for FEMP is to make the study of primary concepts of mathematics exciting, unusual, fabulous, in order to form a lasting interest in science during the school period.

We do math projects with the kids, I already wrote about project activities in kindergarten, I won’t repeat myself.

So, but I’ll move on to the process of compiling notes on FEMP for the 2nd junior group. You can choose any topics: transport, vegetables, create game situations.

The lesson is a kind of presentation for kids about the wonderful world of mathematics. Therefore, it is so important to show children the attractiveness of mental activity at first.

Teaching techniques and methods

Mathematics classes in the 2nd junior group should be visual and effective. Children acquire any new knowledge through direct perception, that is, when they follow all the actions of the teacher and themselves repeat the same actions with handout didactic material. The teacher-educator needs to carefully think through each lesson, all new concepts characterizing the subject, first the teacher himself pronounces several times during the lesson and only then asks the children to repeat.

In addition, we must not forget that this age of learning everything new is based on emotional perception. And if you don’t interest your child from the first minutes of the lesson, then it will be in vain. To do this, children's math classes most often begin with surprise moments:

• the appearance of a toy,
• unexpected guests,
• chest with a secret.

The teacher-educator needs to keep the children's attention throughout the entire lesson. To do this, the technique of changing activities is used. The subjects with which the child will work must already be previously familiar to him, otherwise he will first study them the way he needs and will miss all the material offered by the teacher.

Approximate summary of a lesson on FEMP in the younger group

Topic: “Fairytale Journey”

Tasks:

• To consolidate knowledge about the concept one, many;
• Teach to distinguish where there is one object and where there are many of them;
• Continue studying the geometric shapes square and circle.

Didactic materials:

• Demonstration material: play corner in a group, bookshelf, pre-prepared silhouette of a train;
• Handout: red cardboard squares and circles.

Part 1.

Educator: Children, today we will go on an interesting train journey, don’t you agree? Here is a train, but without wheels. Look, what wheels can be made from? That's right, from circles. Go!

How does the train sound? “Too-too!” The first stop is “Book”. What do we see here? Yes, books. How many are there? Many or one? Are there any small books among the books? A lot of them? And find, Katya, the biggest book. Well done. And Petya will show you a small book. Smart girl.

We drive further “Chukh-chukh”, we arrived at the kindergarten stop. How many toys are there! Many or few? Find, Vasya, the cars. And you, Olya, dolls. What's more, dolls or cars?

Part 2

Well done kids, are you a little tired of driving? Need to warm up! (physical education minute).

Part 3.

Oh, while we were playing, the train broke down again. What is missing? Wheels, what are they? Round? What colour? Red. Why don't we have windows? What can they be made from? From squares. Well done! Why can't the wheels be square? The corners will make it difficult to drive, that's right.

Part 4.

Results. What did you and I do today? Traveled, that's right. What is the shape of the wheel, remember? What about the windows? What did we see with you? Lots of books and lots of toys. Well done, guys.

Let's not forget to write a self-analysis at the end. This is roughly how a lesson summary for FEMP is compiled. Of course, more detailed samples can be found in large quantities on the Internet.

Remember that we combine group and individual work with children. This way we will ensure excellent learning of the material.

Instead of an afterword...

When working to develop initial knowledge in mathematics, it is imperative to use a variety of didactic material. These could be sticks and logical blocks of Kuzner, Dienesh, for example. Things like this will make kindergarten math classes really interesting for kids.

Well, that's all for now. I ask you to subscribe to the news and share links to my articles with your friends.

Sincerely, Tatyana Sukhikh! Till tomorrow!

By the way, I recommend reading:

Math lesson structure

In kindergarten, as in any other educational institution, all classes must be structured, despite their short duration.

Mathematics classes in the 2nd junior group should include the following points:

1. Organizational moment (duration 1-2 minutes).
2. Setting the objectives for the lesson (1 minute) is done as follows: “Let’s help Teddy Bear (Katya’s doll) find the circle (find out which path is longer).”
3. The main part of the lesson (learning new material).
4. Reflection (duration - 1 minute). Children should definitely talk about what they learned today.
5. You need to finish the lesson in a positive mood. It is necessary to praise the children: “Thank you, guys, for helping Teddy Bear (Katya’s doll) find the circle so quickly. He (she) will definitely come to visit you again.”