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- Dandelion
Among the many herbs, I would like to highlight one unusual plant that is very often found in nature - dandelion. Latin name Taraxacum. In Russian it was formed from the verb obdut.
These plants bloom in spring and sometimes in autumn. When dandelions fade, white balls appear instead of flowers - these are seeds. They are very light. The wind blows them in different directions. They grow in fields and meadows, vegetable gardens and wastelands, in gardens and forests. Everywhere you can see them in a beautiful bright outfit. They come in different colors: yellow, purple, lilac, dark green, with white petals and a yellow center. This miracle of nature lives as if according to a schedule: on sunny days, dandelions open at 6 o’clock, and at 15 o’clock they curl up. In cloudy weather they do not open at all. A folk sign says: “The dandelion ball shrinks - it will rain.”
And how many useful substances dandelion contains! These are rubber, potassium, manganese, iron, phosphorus, calcium, organic acids, resins, wax, many vitamins and even protein. In many countries, various foods are prepared from this plant, for example: salads from leaves pre-soaked in salt water, wine and beer, pickled and fermented, jam is made from the flowers. Whole dried plants are used to brew tea, and the dried and roasted root is used as a coffee substitute.
The Chinese call dandelion a vegetable and often prepare various dishes from it. Italians consider dandelion food to be their favorite food. They sow plants on huge plantations, then sell this crop in retail outlets. In restaurants and on Italian holiday tables you can see dishes made from this unique plant. Dandelion is a nutritious food for pets, and rabbits especially love to eat it.
This unique plant is also used in folk medicine. Use flower, stem, root, juice. They treat many different diseases. In France, dandelion leaves and root are used for liver diseases. Water tincture improves appetite and metabolism. The juice of the plant removes warts. Italians believe that by eating dandelion, the disease passes them by.
Dandelion is also used in cosmetology. Masks are made from the leaves to moisturize and rejuvenate the skin. And an infusion of flowers removes freckles and age spots.
The roots of many types of dandelions contain rubber. Plants are cultivated and made from
natural rubber, which is used in industry. Scientists in many countries are developing technologies for using dandelion juice to produce biological rubber.
In our country, dandelion is now a weed, but in other countries it is a cultivated plant, especially in China, France and Italy, where entire fields are sown with it. Holidays are dedicated to this culture. May 10 is World Dandelion Day.
Let us join in the celebration, and in the future we will use this unique plant for a variety of purposes.
Report on the topic Dandelion
Dandelion is a herbaceous, perennial plant. Comprises:
- sockets;
- basal leaves;
- rare flower stems.
The basal leaves reach up to 10 cm in length and 1.5 cm in width. The typical basal leaf is wider in relation to its outer tip than at the base in outline, although it is more or less lobed along its length. These blades are triangular. The fields are slightly undulating and irregular, and sometimes roughly jagged.
There is a central vein along the length of each leaf, which is hollow and contains milky sap. This vein is usually green, but sometimes it turns reddish-green towards the base.
The leaves are usually glabrous, although young leaves are sometimes slightly hairy.
The root system consists of a thick root rope, no more than 3 cm long. This root is slightly fleshy and contains milky juice. This plant propagates by transplantation. It can form large colonies.
Cultivation: preference is given to bright places and soil that consists of loam or clay loam. Partial sunlight is also tolerated. This plant can be very resilient and can regenerate itself from small pieces of the root.
Dandelion is a very common plant that takes its historical origin from the state of Illinois. It was exported to North America from Europe. Habitats include lawns, gardens, meadows, roadsides and railroad tracks. Dandelion has little opportunity to reproduce in scientific natural habitats, always preferring open areas that are disturbed and degraded by human activities.
The nectar or pollen from dandelion flowers primarily attracts bees, flies and butterflies. Dandelion leaves are edible and feed on caterpillars and many other types of insects. In the Eastern States and the Midwest, the seeds are eaten and considered a delicacy. While the foliage is somewhat bitter, it is consumed by a variety of herbivores, including livestock, rabbits, etc.
Young dandelion leaves are sometimes eaten fresh in salads. As the flower rosettes open, the foliage becomes more bitter and harsh. The leaves contain large amounts of vitamins and minerals. Sometimes flower rosettes are used to make jam. Most people consider dandelion to be a destructive weed, although the flowers are quite attractive. Because it can bloom very early or very late, the nectar or pollen of flower rosettes is a valuable food source for some pollinating insects, especially bees. There are species of dandelions that produce a rosette of leaves with flower stems that are composed entirely of yellow onion flowers.
Dandelion has the following characteristics that can be helpful in proper identification:
- the outer green bracts slope sharply downwards from the flowerbeds;
- from an empty flowering stem only one flower is formed.
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Interesting facts and legends
Dandelion is a very interesting plant that was well known in ancient times. Thus, bright flower heads, resembling the sun, were held in special esteem by the Chinese, Slavic pagans and representatives of many other peoples and cultures. Interesting facts about culture don’t end there:
- In nature, there are not only yellow, but also cream, greenish and even pink dandelion flowers, the properties of which do not change depending on the color.
- The so-called Russian variety of the crop, which grows on the territory of the Russian Federation, is Dandelion officinalis, although other species of this class are also less common.
- Spring pollination of dandelions produces large quantities of honey with a beautiful golden or dark amber hue. But the taste of this product is not the best due to its pronounced bitterness.
- Dried dandelion leaves are one of the favorite treats of rabbits, mice, hamsters, chinchillas and other rodents.
- Plant extracts are actively used in cosmetology, having a powerful whitening and anti-pigment effect. In addition, using a mask made from fresh leaves of the plant will thoroughly moisturize the skin and rejuvenate it at the cellular level.
- More recently, a rubber-bearing variety of dandelions, which is endemic, was identified on the slopes of the Tien Shan. During the research process, it was proven that its roots contain about 20 percent of raw materials, so today the issue of breeding the variety for rubber extraction is being considered.
- It is no secret that dandelions are a malicious weed, which can only be gotten rid of by cultivating the soil with cutting tools during its active budding.
There are many interesting legends associated with the plant. For example, in Rus' it was believed that in ancient times the flower was valued by people and nature, giving them beauty and life to the bees who made honey from dandelion pollen. And so it lasted until an evil horde came to Russian land, enslaving all living things except the dandelion, which did not want to obey, hiding its flowers and hanging its head to the ground.
Over time, the evil forces left Rus', but the plant was never able to forget this horror, rising towards the sun's rays and immediately descending as soon as bad weather fell on the ground. For a long time, people told this and many other stories to their children, but after many years they were forgotten.
Short poems and quatrains about dandelion for kids
The yellow dandelion took off his sundress, and replaced his boring dress with a white, airy one.
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
Dandelion flowers are dazzling yellow! And our lawn is burning Like a fairytale bowl, Where the sun splashed on the round bottom!
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
Along the path, a dandelion dropped its yellow sundress. Became fluffy, like fluff: - Brothers! How swollen I am!
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
Dandelion! How much do you look like a cloud? It’s scary even to look: No matter how much the cloud blows away!
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
Dandelion is a good friend, Helped me decorate the meadow. Dunu hard once, twice, Parachutes in a crowd
They will fly away, and in the spring there will be our golden meadow!
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
The dandelion has grown round, the dandelion has fluffed up! I had a green sundress and changed into a fur coat overnight!
It’s very hot in the summer in a fur coat, The breeze helped the flower: It flew in, leaving it in the skirt. It will only be chilly at night.
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
The sun dropped a golden ray. The dandelion grew, the first one, young. It has a wonderful golden color. He is a big sun Small portrait.
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
The dandelion is dressed up in a yellow velvet caftan and radiates under the balcony in the lush green lawn.
And when it fades, a wonderful gift awaits us - a White Ball. You'll blow... Wow! The fluff will fly in the wind.
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
The breeze got wild: It blew strongly, skillfully... And the white dandelion took flight!
∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞∞
The dandelion was sleeping in the field, the breeze was shaking it. The sun's ray touched it - the Dandelion perked up: it opened its petals - it gave beauty to everyone.
Paratroopers fly from fluffy balls
Poems about dandelion for children 5-6 years old
***
On a hot day - a fun carpet! Bees love him very much. The bumblebee hurries from afar to the amber flower. Dandelion - the cunning dandelion Shines like a clear sun. He puts parachutes on the children - Oduvans. Sends you on your way in the morning, Trusting all the winds. The meadow-sofa turns green, the dandelion falls asleep. L. Dunina
***
Cheerful yellow bobbleheads blossomed, and dandelions covered our land. They show off their curious, cute little faces, and try to be friends with different bugs. Soon, very soon, These dandelions will replace their yellow miracle sundresses. Earth suns will become snow-white, Light, airy, tender balls.
***
A bright yellow dandelion was chilled all over in the rain, and when it dried out in the sun, it could not recognize itself: it turned white and swollen, and crumbled like fluff. A swarm of fluff flew over the quiet grass, over the fence, over the river, over the meadow path, to the cheerful cry of the children: “Parachutes are flying!” S. Shushkevich
***
At my grandmother's dacha we picked all the dandelions to make jam for my mother on her birthday.
We boldly got down to business, And the work began to boil: We closed a lot of jars - They gave them to Mom and relatives.
***
As soon as the sun warmed up, along the path in a row, the flowers dressed up in their sunny outfit. They bask in the sun, bathe in dew, glow like stars, in the short grass. Time flies and the flower turns into a bubble! I blew softly on it - And it’s not in the palm of my hand! L. Aleynikova
***
He grew up today Right on the path - Yellow dandelion, Sun on a leg! Soon he dressed up in new clothes: He became white, airy - A cloud on a leg! The breeze scattered all the fluffy crumbs. He's gone bald, poor thing, a button on a leg... D. Elovikova
***
Near the ditch, in the green grass, the dandelion became depressed, the white light is not pleasant to him. It’s not easy to keep Sheika’s voluminous hairstyle thin, I don’t have the strength! Dandelion is sad. The sea cried tears. The wind saved me from grief - It blew once and in an instant Dandelion was tonsured! A. Kanin
***
One morning summer came out for a walk, splashing splashes of sunlight. Where the Golden Bunny touched the ground, the Yellow Dandelion immediately woke up. At first they were all golden, and then suddenly they became white and gray. The wind blows light fluffs - It seems that in the summer snowflakes are spinning. I will pick a bouquet of clouds on a stem, I will hide them from the wind on my window. N. Radchenko
***
On the lawn, where the bushes are, Bright yellow flowers woke up with the sun, stretched sweetly.
The mosquitoes were surprised: There are no flowers, only balls, Delicate, fluffy, Light silver.
A breeze ran past, The wind shook the balloons, And a row of parachutes flies behind them. N. Chuprova
How sweetly the little girl Serafima Karpova reads a poem about an “airy” flower! She seems to feel a dandelion and asks the flower if she can pick it and take it home.
Geography of dandelion habitat
Dandelion is one of the most common plants on Earth. In total, more than 1000 species of this plant grow in the world.
Places where dandelions grow can be found almost all over the planet. Due to their unpretentiousness, they grow in both moderately cold and subtropical climates. That is why they exist on different hemispheres of the earth. In the European part, the common dandelion mainly grows, which, unlike others, is widespread.
He is a small portrait of the big sun...
Very beautifully written poems about dandelion by such authors as Alexandrova, Blaginina, Serova, Vysotskaya.
Dandelion
The sun dropped a golden ray. The dandelion grew, the first one, young. It has a wonderful golden color. He is a big sun Small portrait. O. Vysotskaya
Dandelion
How cool it is in the spruce thicket! I am carrying flowers in an armful. White-headed dandelion, Do you feel good in the forest?
You grow at the very edge, You stand in the very heat. Cuckoos crow over you, Nightingales sing at dawn.
And a fragrant wind blows, And drops leaves on the grass. Dandelion, fluffy flower, I will quietly pick you.
I'll rip you off, honey, can I? And then I'll take it home. ...The wind blew carelessly - My dandelion flew around.
Look what a blizzard it is in the middle of a hot day! And the fluffs fly, sparkling, on the flowers, on the grass, on me. E. Blaginina
Dandelion
Wears a dandelion yellow sundress. When he grows up, he will dress up in a little white dress: Light, Airy, Obedient to the Wind E. Serova
