What is the purpose of classes with preschoolers?
Since the kindergarten has taken over the issue of high-quality preparation of preschoolers for study in the 1st grade, the senior group now takes the same classes as the preparatory group, so that the children have time to develop the necessary skills, perseverance, and the ability to think logically.
The task of the teacher in this case becomes to transfer to children not only the necessary knowledge, but also skills and abilities. This makes it possible to develop curiosity in the child, the ability to work together, independence, and also enriches spiritual and physical culture.
All teachers of preschool institutions must prepare notes for classes in kindergarten. A preschool educational institution that begins to work according to the FOGS system sets the main requirement for training as the presence of various game elements in any of them. Through this form, children acquire the necessary knowledge and skills much better.
Organization of work of preschool children in cognitive cycle classes
The work begins with a repetition of what was covered in the middle group, the level of mathematical concepts is revealed. For this purpose, approximately 5 lessons are allocated, in which everything that children have learned before is consolidated - ideas about shape, quantity and magnitude, counting within 10.
The duration of classes in the senior group remains virtually unchanged, but the amount of knowledge transferred and the pace of work increase. But the activity of children is facilitated by the fact that it is carried out in the form of a game, which is very attractive for the child.
The preschool education program provides that the senior group of preschool educational institutions always begins classes with repetition, which makes it possible to introduce new knowledge into the system of previously acquired knowledge. It is carried out in the form of playful exercises, which stimulates the child’s interest. Reinforcing classes also begin with them.
What mathematical knowledge do older preschoolers need?
The program for the senior group of kindergarten provides for a significant expansion and generalization of the most basic mathematical concepts, as well as counting. Children of this age must learn to count to 10 and perceive various objects, not only visually, but also by touch or by sounds.
At the age of 5 years, you can begin to form the concept that any object is divided into several parts of the same or different sizes, and you can compare them. In addition, children are convinced that sets that contain the same number of elements included in it correspond to one natural number (a star has 5 ends, 5 apples, 5 bunnies, etc.).
The benefits of rhythmic exercises for children
In addition to classes to prepare for literacy, reading and basic mathematical concepts, the preschool program provides for the development of musical and rhythmic abilities in children. For this purpose, many preschool educational institutions have included rhythm classes.
Experience shows that such activities in kindergarten and in the senior group not only bring joy to the child and amuse him, but also have many other positive factors. Among them are the following:
- They instill a love of dancing and music and develop musical taste.
- Thanks to them, shy children can relax, and active ones get good physical relaxation.
- All children begin to share concepts such as the style of music, its rhythm and tempo.
- Both the child’s physical fitness and coordination of movements improve significantly.
- Children have the opportunity to learn how to react adequately to any situation, control their state of mind and correctly express emotions.
All this led to the fact that great attention began to be paid to rhythm classes in the preschool education system.
Since mothers and fathers always want to know what their child is doing in kindergarten and what he is learning there, especially if the institution’s program includes classes that are not included in the compulsory preschool program, the kindergarten most often strives to conduct an open lesson on rhythm in the senior group simultaneously with parent meeting.
This is done so that it is possible to demonstrate to parents the skills and abilities acquired by their children, as well as the style of conducting lessons.
Instructions for the teacher for conducting classes
In order for classes in a group of older preschoolers to be effective and interesting for children, the teacher should follow some rules.
- Classes in kindergarten in the senior group involve the presentation of new, rather complex material in the form of a game. This develops visual memory and imaginative thinking well. In addition, the competitive element present in them spurs children to better assimilate knowledge.
- It is worth devoting sufficient time to repetition. But it is not necessary to do this during the lesson; you can do several repetition sessions at the beginning of the month.
- In order not to lose children's attention, you need to monitor the change in their activities. Various types of exercises, games, songs, riddles and dances should be interspersed.
And remember that adults should communicate with children only in a friendly manner. Under no circumstances should you use a commanding tone in class, much less scold a child.
Harm from “coaching” a preschooler according to the school curriculum
Yes, at first it will be very easy for the child to learn, because he already knows what his peers are going through. Therefore, he will gradually lose interest in classes. And after the stock of knowledge acquired in preschool age is exhausted, he will simply lag behind his classmates.
This opposite effect is explained by the fact that in elementary school what is needed is not previously acquired knowledge, but developed skills for educational activities. The question immediately arises about whether only the last year of preschool childhood is enough to prepare for school.
In order to simply “train” a child, this time may be enough, but in order to properly prepare for education, it is necessary to start classes in kindergarten in the senior group. Moreover, children’s education should take place in the form of a game, and not parody school lessons.
